Srilanka logic subject

81 topics across 6 chapters

Chapter 1

Foundations & Language of Logic

Statements, truth values, and notation

3 subtopics

Exercises: identify statements vs non-statements

Exercises: translate simple statements into symbols (p, q, r…)

Exercises: evaluate truth under given truth assignments

Sets, relations, and functions (as needed for logic problems)

3 subtopics

Drills: set notation and operations (∪, ∩, complement, difference)

Problems: relation properties (reflexive, symmetric, transitive)

Exercises: functions (domain/codomain, composition, inverse idea)

Reasoning vocabulary: premises, conclusions, validity, soundness

2 subtopics

Practice: classify arguments as valid/invalid and sound/unsound

Practice: extract premises and conclusion from a paragraph

Chapter 2

Propositional Logic

Connectives & truth tables

2 subtopics

Drills: construct full truth tables for 2–3 variables quickly

Problems: tautology vs contradiction vs contingency

Logical equivalences & laws

2 subtopics

Practice: apply equivalence laws (De Morgan, implication, biconditional, etc.)

Practice: prove equivalence using truth tables or algebraic steps

Normal forms (CNF/DNF) & simplification

2 subtopics

Exercises: convert formulas to CNF/DNF step-by-step

Exercises: simplify expressions to a clean final form (show steps)

Argument forms in propositional logic

2 subtopics

Drills: recognize standard valid argument forms (MP, MT, HS, DS, etc.)

Problems: detect invalid argument forms using counter-valuations

Chapter 3

Predicate (First-Order) Logic

Predicates, quantifiers, and domains

2 subtopics

Exercises: quantifier scope and negation rules (¬∀, ¬∃)

Practice: choose a correct domain of discourse for a problem

Translating language into predicate logic

2 subtopics

Practice: translate everyday statements (English/Sinhala/Tamil) into symbols

Practice: find ambiguity and rewrite sentences precisely before symbolizing

Rules of inference with quantifiers

2 subtopics

Drills: universal instantiation & existential generalization (and common pitfalls)

Problems: complete short predicate-logic derivations (step-by-step)

Relations and identity in first-order logic

2 subtopics

Exercises: use identity (=) and substitution correctly

Practice: express relation properties in first-order logic

Chapter 4

Proof Techniques & Problem Solving

Direct proof and step-by-step derivations

2 subtopics

Practice: write natural-deduction proofs (clear line-by-line justification)

Practice: structured derivations from given premises to a target conclusion

Indirect proof: contradiction and contrapositive

2 subtopics

Exercises: proof by contradiction (assume ¬goal and derive contradiction)

Drills: contrapositive transformations and when they help

Proof by cases and exhaustive reasoning

2 subtopics

Problems: proof by cases (split on p/¬p or multiple cases)

Exercises: exhaustive reasoning using tables / decision trees

Counterexamples and refutation

2 subtopics

Drills: produce counterexamples to disprove universal claims

Practice: refute invalid arguments by giving a counter-model

Chapter 5

Scientific Method & Critical Thinking (Logic and Scientific Method focus)

Core ideas: observation, hypothesis, theory, and law

2 subtopics

Exercises: identify variables, controls, and predictions in a scenario

Practice: classify statements as hypothesis vs theory vs law

Induction vs deduction

2 subtopics

Exercises: label arguments as inductive or deductive (with reasons)

Problems: evaluate strength/weakness of inductive arguments

Causation vs correlation; experimental design

2 subtopics

Task: design a controlled experiment from a real-life question

Exercises: spot confounders and propose fixes

Statistical reasoning basics: sampling, bias, and interpreting data

2 subtopics

Exercises: identify sampling methods and sampling bias

Practice: interpret simple tables/graphs and state conclusions carefully

Informal fallacies and cognitive biases

2 subtopics

Drills: detect common informal fallacies in short passages

Checklist: common cognitive biases (confirmation bias, availability, etc.)

Chapter 6

Exam Preparation (Sri Lanka-style practice)

Past paper strategy and time management

2 subtopics

Routine: do a timed past paper and review within 24 hours

Tooling: keep an error log (concept mistake vs speed vs careless)

Common question types and mixed practice

2 subtopics

Speed drill: truth tables + equivalence simplification under a timer

Mixed sets: translations + arguments + proof steps + scientific method scenarios

Model answers and marking-scheme awareness

2 subtopics

Practice: write answers to match marking points (show every step clearly)

Template: structure long answers (definitions → method → result → check)

Revision plan and study habits

2 subtopics

Plan: 6-week revision schedule (topic rotation + weekly mock paper)

Habits: active recall + spaced repetition for definitions, laws, and methods